This question often arises among believers: Why are there other books that are not included in the Bible? Are those books less important, or is there a specific reason behind their selection? Let us look at the answer from the perspectives of history, faith, and spiritual wisdom.
What Is the โCanonโ of the Bible?
The word โcanonโ comes from the Greek kanลn, which means โmeasureโ or โstandard.โ In the context of the Bible, the canon refers to the list of books considered inspired by God and authoritative for the faith and life of believers.
In other words, the books included in the biblical canon are not chosen simply because they are old or popular, but because they are regarded as the living word of God and worthy to be the foundation of church teaching.
How Were the Books Chosen for the Canon?
The selection of these books was not done overnight or by a single person. The process was long, led by the early church leaders who relied on theological considerations, historical evidence, and the testimony of the Holy Spirit.
There are several main criteria:
- Conformity with the Teachings of Jesus and the Apostles
If its content contradicts the teachings of Christ or the core doctrines of Christianity, then the book is not recognized. - Widespread Use by the Early Church
If the book was widely used in worship and teaching by the early churches, then it was considered worthy. - Spiritual and Moral Consistency
The book must demonstrate a high spiritual quality and not contradict previously received revelation. - Apostolicity
Meaning, the book was written directly by an apostle or based on their direct teaching.
What About the Books That Were Not Included?
There were many other books circulating at that time, such as the Book of Enoch, the Gospel of Thomas, or the Shepherd of Hermas. Some indeed contained good teachings and were useful for reflection. However, many also contained Gnostic teachings, mythology, or stories that did not align with the true Gospel.
For example, some Gnostic books portray Jesus in a miraculous way but far from the biblical incarnation depiction. Some even imply that salvation is only for those who have certain “secret knowledge,” which clearly contradicts the good news of the Gospel for everyone (Romans 1:16).
Should We Be Afraid to Read Non-Canonical Books?
Not necessarily. Some books like 1 and 2 Maccabees or the Book of Enoch can provide useful historical insights and cultural background. But it is important to read them not as the word of God, but as human writings that can be mistaken.
The Bible is sufficient. As written in 2 Timothy 3:16-17, “All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness.”
Why Is This Important for Us Today?
Knowing that the Bible has gone through careful spiritual selection shows that the word of God we hold today is not a random collection, but a revelation preserved by the Holy Spirit. This strengthens our faith that we are reading something true, living, and trustworthy.
